Vitamin E refers to a group of fat soluble compounds that include tocopherlos and tocotrienols. There are several different forms (isomers) of vitamin E, of which, y- tocopherol is the most common in the North American diet. Y-tocopherol can be found in soybean oil, margarin and some dressings. A-tocopherol is the most biologically active form of vitamin E and the second most common form of vitamin E in the North American diet. This form of vitamin E can be found most abundantly in wheat germ oil, sunflowers and sunflower oil.
Antioxidants protect cells from damaging effects of free radicals which are molecules that contain an unshared electron. Free radicals damage cells and might contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Unshared electrons are highly energetic and react very fast with oxygento form reactive oxygen species (ROS). The body forms ROS when it converts food to energy and antioxidents might protect cells from the damaging effects of ROS. The body is also exposedto free radicals from enviormental exposures, such as cigarett smoke, air polution and ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Vitamin E is a fat soluble antioxident that stops the production of ROS formed when fat undergoes oxidation. Scientists are investigating wheather, by limiting free radical production, vitamin E might prevent or delay chronic disease associated with free radicals.
In addition to it’s antioxidant properties vitamin E is involved in immune function and as shown primarily by in verto studies of cells, cell signaling, regulation of gene expression and other metabolic processes. The recomended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin E is 400 IU, international units.